AND Chrome OS
History
For six years, Google CEO Eric Schmidt did not support the idea of creating a separate browser. He pointed out that "Google was a small company" and that he did not want to be involved in the "painful browser wars." After company founders Sergey Brin and Larry Page hired several Mozilla Firefox developers and created the Chrome demo, Schmidt said, "It was so good that it made me change my mind."
Initially, Chrome was released only for Windows, later (December 9, 2009) there were dev- and beta-versions for Linux and macOS operating systems. Initially, assemblies for these operating systems did not have the full functionality of similar beta versions for Windows (for example, bookmark synchronization), but with the advent of the 5.0. * Branch, the functionality of assemblies for all operating systems became equal.
Announcement
Release
Chrome quickly gained about 1% of the market. After an initial surge, the share of users fell to 0.73% in October 2008. Then it began to rise again, until in December 2008 Chrome again surpassed the 1% threshold.
Development
The Chrome development team decided to use the WebKit engine in their browser as advised by the Android team. Like most other browsers, Chrome has been tested internally before release.
The first version of Google Chrome completely passed Acid1 and Acid2 tests, but not Acid3 (only 79/100 tests). Since version 4.0, Chrome passes all tests.
Version history
Peculiarities
Google Chrome aims to improve security, speed, and stability. And on June 9, 2009, the developers of Google Chrome in their interview for the unofficial community of users outlined a strategy for the further development of their product, which is that the browser will have the highest possible speed and minimum allowable functionality, and all additional functions are planned to be implemented using extensions.
Security
Chrome periodically downloads updates from two blacklists (one for phishing sites and one for sites containing malware) and alerts the user when they try to visit a malicious site.
Chrome, as a rule, creates a separate process for each tab in order to prevent a situation in which the content of one tab has the ability to influence the content of another (also, if the process of processing the content of a tab freezes, it can be completed without the risk of losing data from other tabs ). The tab process is given the least privileges, the process can perform computations, but cannot read or write. Figuratively speaking, the tab is in the sandbox.
Speed
Google Chrome uses a high-performance JavaScript rendering engine. Also, to speed up page loading, Google Chrome can use DNS lookahead.
Stability
Chrome uses a multi-process architecture, and in most cases, each tab or plugin has a separate process. This procedure, called process isolation, eliminates the possibility of tabs interfering with each other. Also, an attacker using one tab will not be able to spy on what is happening in another, and if one tab fails, this will not interfere with the operation of the entire browser - you just need to close this tab.
The meaning of the name
One of the options for understanding the meaning of the word "Chrome" offers the "New Hacker's Dictionary" (quotation from the edition: New Hacker's Dictionary: Translated from English / Edited by E.S. Raymond. - M .: TsentrKom, 1996), the meaning of the word is determined like (p. 139):
chrome [from automotive] noun Additional features inserted into the program for greater showiness and attractiveness from the point of view of a potential buyer, but do not add anything to the functionality of the program. "Three-dimensional icons in our program, of course, belong to the category of chrome, but it's damn pretty chrome!" Usually expresses a contemptuous attitude towards such jewelry. Not to be confused with bells and whistles, which are inserted by the developer into the program to satisfy their own ambitions.
Logo
In 2011, a new flat logo was introduced in Google Chrome 11, replacing the previous three-dimensional one, bringing it closer to the new Chromium logo, but in a color version.
According to Google designer Steve Ruhr, “We've updated the Chrome logo to better reflect those feelings. The simple icon embodies the spirit of Chrome - making the web faster, easier and easier for everyone. ”
Themes
Starting in version 3.0, users can install themes that change the look of the browser. A gallery has been created that includes both themes from Google and themes from third parties.
Extensions
Google Chrome extensions allow you to expand the capabilities and functions of your browser. A feature may be useful for some people, but not for everyone. Extensions allow you to add only the features you need to Google Chrome, avoiding the accumulation of features that are not used. Google has created a dedicated gallery of third-party extensions.
The extensions first appeared in the stable version of Chrome 4.0, and the gallery was officially launched on January 25, 2010. At the time of its opening, there were already 1,500 extensions in it. All Google Chrome extensions are created using WebExtensions technology.
Automatic translation of web pages
The function of translating pages became available starting from version 4.1.249.1036 (dated March 17, 2010).
When you visit pages that are in a language other than the one used in the Google Chrome interface, a panel automatically appears at the top of the page, prompting you to translate the web page.
This function uses the Google Translate service. The user can select the language and site, the content of which will not need to be translated in the future. Also, the user can completely disable the translation function in the settings.
Channels and update process
On January 8, 2009, Google introduced another update channel: Stable. Prior to this change, there were only two channels: Beta and Developer. This was done in order to provide users with more stable versions faster.
On July 22, 2010 Google announced an increase in the speed of updating stable versions of the browser - their release cycle is reduced to six weeks (instead of the previous three months). In this regard, an additional, fourth, update channel is launched - "Canary" (by analogy with canaries used by miners for the control of hazardous gas concentrations in coal mines), in which the changes associated with the risk will be tested. This channel will be similar to the Developer channel, but it will receive additional updates if necessary, so its version numbers will exceed the version numbers of the latter. A separate feature of Chrome Canary is its parallel (independent of any other already installed version) installation into the system and, accordingly, independent updates. Initially available only for Windows platform [ ] .
Google Chrome will automatically update when it detects a new version of the browser. The update process takes place in the background and does not require any action from the user. If Google Chrome was open during the update, just close and open the browser to launch the new version.
If the update is available within 2 days, instead of the standard "Configure and manage Google Chrome" icon, an up arrow will be displayed on a green background, 4 days - on a yellow background, 7 days - on a red one. Just click on the icon, select "Update Google Chrome", and click Restart.
Webmaster tools
Web Inspector: To run, right-click on any component of the web page and select View Item Code. A dialog box appears listing the items and resources associated with this component. It is also possible to view the hierarchical view of the DOM and the JavaScript console. (You can click the middle button at the bottom to open the JavaScript Console. On Windows, you can also open Page> Developers> JavaScript Console.)
Task Manager: To start, you need to open the "Page" menu and select "Developers" (in Windows). Select "Task Manager". You can also use the keyboard shortcuts ⇧ Shift + Esc. The task manager shows all the processes running in Google Chrome, and the resources used by these processes (memory, processor, network).
JavaScript debugger: To start it you need to: open the "Page" menu and select "Developers" (in Windows). Select Debug JavaScript. This will open a JavaScript debugger command prompt that you can use to debug running processes.
Browser service pages
To start, you must: enter any of the following commands in the address bar to view additional information.
| Addresses | Meaning |
|---|---|
| chrome: // about | List of service pages |
| chrome: // accessibility | Availability (?) |
| chrome: // extensions | List of installed extensions |
| chrome: // cache | Show cache contents |
| chrome: // crash (deprecated, unused) chrome: // kill |
Displays a page with a message about the problem. In the Russian version of Chrome, the message begins with the text “He's dead, Jim!”, “He flew away! But he promised to return ... "(in the old versions," Oh no, we lost her! "," Shit ... ") |
| chrome: // credits | Chrome developments |
| chrome: // dino | Dinosaur game that appears when there is no internet connection |
| chrome: // dns | Shows DNS records |
| chrome: // flags | Unlock hidden (experimental) features |
| chrome: // flash | Viewing information about a Flash plugin |
| chrome: // histograms | Graphs of various statistical parameters |
| chrome: // inducebrowsercrashforrealz | Crash Google Chrome. For developers to view the processes occurring in the system during a crash |
| chrome: // memory | Shows information about the memory used by the application and tabs |
| chrome: // shorthang | Cause tab to "hang". For developer testing of hang protection |
| chrome: // net-internals | Connection information |
| chrome: // terms | Google Chrome Terms of Service |
| chrome: // version | Version and build number. Analog - about: |
| view-source: | View the source code of the page |
Alternative installers
The basic version of the Google Chrome installer for Windows requires an Internet connection, installs the browser only as a system application, and is extremely limited in the choice of installation options. However, there are also, although not presented on the main download page, alternative versions of the installer that allow you to install the browser without an Internet connection and / or as a custom application.
Usage statistics
Chrome automatically sends browser usage information to Google. Some of the mechanisms for collecting such information can be disabled by the user, and some - not.
| Name | Information sent | When does it work? | Disconnected? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Installation | A randomly generated character included in the installation program. Used to measure the share of successful installations of Google Chrome |
When installing |
No |
| RLZ identifier | An encrypted string, according to Google, containing non-personally identifiable information about how the browser was downloaded and the first week of use. Used to determine the effectiveness of advertising campaigns. Google provides source code to decode this line |
When searching through Google; |
Partially |
| Client ID | A unique identifier, as well as data on application usage and crashes. Driven by "Help improve Google Chrome by automatically sending usage statistics and crash reports to Google." Disabled by default | Unknown | Partially |
| prompt | During recruitment | Partially | |
| Page not found | The text entered in the address bar | With the message "Server not found" | Partially |
| Bug collector | Crash details | Unknown | Partially |
| Correcting spelling | All texts entered on the pages. Disabled by default | During typing, or when right-clicking on an error | Partially |
| Google update(Windows) | How often Chrome is used, operating system information, and Chrome version | Unknown | No |
| Google Software Update(macOS) |
In March 2010, Google introduced a new way to collect installation statistics. The unique identifier included in Chrome is now only used the first time Google Update connects to the company's server. After receiving a response from the server, the identifier is deleted.
T-rex
When there is no internet connection, the user sees an 8-bit dinosaur. If you press the spacebar on the keyboard, click the mouse or press on the mobile device, the dinosaur instantly jumps and starts running across the field among the cacti and
Google Chrome is a product of one of the most powerful search engines Google. The corporation was founded in 1998. The Chrome browser from Google began working in 2008. Gaining its audience at a good pace, it is becoming one of the most popular browsers for computer and mobile devices. Now the number of its users is hundreds of millions of people. The browser is used on almost every second computer in the world. Let's take a closer look at what "Chrome" is, how to install it correctly and what capabilities it has.
Google Corporation. Start
Everyone knows that Google is, first of all, a search engine. Today, Google is a huge multinational corporation with offices in many countries, and the main one in the United States.
It all started back in 1996. Two Californian students - Sergey Brin and Larry Page - were engaged in a research project to develop new technologies for the digital universal library. In the course of research, students studied the mathematical properties of the then existing World Wide Web. So their search robot was created, which found the necessary sites, offered their list, evaluating, first of all, the importance of the information, and not the greatest number of a certain word found on the site, as the then existing search engines did.
After that, investors were found for such a brainchild of students. The new search engine, having undergone many improvements, began to very quickly win the hearts of users.
The birth of a new browser
What is "Chrome"? At first, the management of the Google corporation did not even think about creating a new browser, because the niche was already filled enough. And frankly, the creators of the powerful corporation were afraid of a loud failure of the browser project. But, having powerful financial capabilities, they decided to try to sketch the project and submit it to the management's judgment. Oddly enough, it was approved for its simplicity, clarity and enjoyable use.
In autumn 2008, the first version of the Google Chrome browser for the Windows operating system is released. Thanks to a huge budget invested in a new brainchild, the browser quickly makes its way from unknown to very popular.
Google Chrome browser. What it is
Google's Chrome browser is based on the free Chromium browser, which is the "father" of many existing browsers. The developers of the program decided to use the Webkit engine as the basis for its work, but in 2013 the Google Chrome browser switches to the Blink engine.
Now the Google Chrome browser positions itself as a simple, fast and secure software product. Of course, it proves this with its popularity, a convenient, uncluttered interface, a high level of security, which can be discussed separately, a variety of applications and extensions for every taste. It can also be noted that a browser like Chrome does not stand still, constantly improving its many services.
Advantages of the Chrome browser
Following the adage “All ingenious is simple,” Google Chrome has many of the benefits that have made it so popular. Among them are fast page browsing and minimalistic design, in which nothing distracts from the web page.
If you would not like to see the history of page visits after use, confidentiality will be ensured by the "incognito" mode. Due to the fact that the search line is combined with the address line, there is no need to enter the full website address. To synchronize user data, Google connects this data with each other, storing it on a cloud server. If necessary, you can log into your account from any computer and get access to bookmarks and the necessary information. This handy feature comes in handy if the browser is removed.
Monitoring program failure will not allow interrupting work at an inopportune moment. The versatility of the browser for all operating systems is also encouraging. Probably, many people know that "Chrome" is a browser that can be installed on any operating system and electronic device. To ensure the safety of its users, Google Chrome maintains a blacklist of malicious sites, and also notifies about a possible threat when they go to one or another unknown page. This browser has many advantages, but the main thing in the work of "Chrome" is its high speed.
Installation
The Google Chrome browser is downloaded for free. The best way to do this is from the official page. Please make sure your device meets the system requirements before downloading. So, Windows for "Chrome" should start with the seventh version. Intel Pentium processor must be 4th generation or later. To install "Chrome" on a mobile device based on Android, you must use a version of the operating system that cannot be earlier than Android 4.1. IOS system must start at 9 and above.
After the Chroma installation file has been downloaded for free, you must press the Run or Save button. Then double-click to run the saved installed file and use the Google Chrome browser.
Importing settings
If necessary, you can import user settings from other browsers into the installed Google Chrome browser, after which information such as the start page, browsing history, bookmarks, account passwords will be available.
Before importing, you need to close all open browsers, start "Chrome", in its upper right corner go to the settings menu, which is depicted as three vertically located dots. Sequentially click "Bookmarks", then "Import bookmarks and settings" and select the browser from which you want to import data. If there is no browser you need in the list provided, you need to export bookmarks from it to HTML format, and then, when importing to Chrome, select the item “HTML file with bookmarks”. When you click the Import button, all settings from the previous browser will be moved to Chrome.
Update
The Chrome browser refreshes automatically on reboot or in the background. But when the state is always on, you can skip its update. To see if a newer version of Chrome is available, you need to pay attention to the color of the indicator of the menu "Settings and management of Google Chrome" in the upper right corner of the screen. Green will mean that the new version was released about two days ago, orange - four days ago, red - seven days ago.
To update "Chrome" manually, you need to open the browser, go to the "Configure and manage Google Chrome" menu, select the "Update Google Chrome" item (the absence of such a position means that the browser version is already new) and click "Restart". All open windows and bookmarks in the browser will be saved and loaded automatically when you restart it. The restart can be postponed by clicking the Not Now button.
Deleting
If you need to remove the Chrome browser, you need to exit it, go to the control panel of your operating system (in the lower left corner). Then open "Options (Settings)", select the "Applications" item, find "Google Chrome" and select the "Delete" action (for Windows 8 and 10). For Windows 7 or Vista, under Settings, select Control Panel, then go to Uninstall a Program or Programs and Features. Double click on Google Chrome. The browser will be removed by clicking the "Delete" button.
To clear your profile data, you must click "Also delete data on work in the browser". But if you synchronize the data and log into your Google account again, some of your information will be available, since it is stored on the Google server. To clear everything completely, you need to clear history. You can do this by going to the "Customize and manage Google Chrome" menu, then select "More tools", and then "Delete browsing data". After specifying the required time range, check the boxes for the type of information that you want to delete, then click "Clear history".
Applications and extensions
Google's Chrome browser offers tons of different extensions, plugins and applications for users, both paid and free. In fact, thanks to extensions for every taste, you can design the Chrome browser for yourself. You can find the required application or extension in the official online store.
If extensions are about adding and improving the functionality of the browser, then applications are separate programs that run right in the browser.
How to add, remove an app or extension
To add extensions or add-ons to the Chrome browser, select “Extensions” or “Applications” in the “Chrome” online store in the left column. Then choose from the opened catalog what you need, while you can use the search. An "Install" button will appear next to the position of the desired application or extension. If you add an extension, then you need to check what data it will have access to, then click "Install extension". After that, the installed Chrome applications will appear on the launcher, and the extensions that have appeared can be seen as buttons on the Chrome toolbar.
To remove an unnecessary extension, you need to go to the "Customize and manage Google Chrome" menu, then select the "Additional tools" item and from it - "Extensions". In the list that opens, select the extension to be removed and click on the "Remove from Chrome" button, and then click "Remove" again. The application can be removed from the "Toolbar" on the desktop.
Useful extensions and applications
Those who keep up with the times have long been using convenient and useful extensions and applications in their browser. Their functionality can be varied - from work assistants to games and entertainment. Let's take a look at some interesting extensions and applications from Google Chrome:
DataSaver is your faithful assistant in saving traffic. Has the function of compressing loaded pages, text and images. Very mobile friendly. It is already built-in in the version for Android or iOS ("Settings" - "Save traffic").
Quick Notes - a notepad that pops up online in the form of a window at your request. Helps to instantly write down a thought that has visited you on any web page.
XTranslate - this extension will provide instant translation of both individual words and entire web pages, just select the required text.
Gmail Offline - allows you to work with mail in the absence of the Internet. True, it is still necessary to receive and send letters. But you can type the answer slowly.
Save to Pocket - saves the web page for later reading, while cleaning from ads and unnecessary elements, leaving only text and images. The page will be saved in the cache and will be available even without the Internet.
Finally
So what is "Chrome"? It is a modern and useful browser. The review of popular applications and extensions for it can be continued indefinitely. However, only you can decide which application or extension you need. A large selection, their variety and availability for the Google Chrome browser makes our life easier and brighter, helps in work, study, or allows you to while away the time for applications-games.
Google chrome- a browser that was created on the basis of the free Chromium browser. The first public beta for the Microsoft Windows operating system is out September 2, 2008 and the first stable version of the browser is December 11, 2008.
According to StatCounter, a popular web traffic analysis service, the browser is the world's # 1 most popular browser, with about 300 million Internet users using it. This exceeds the figure of its main competitor in the world - Internet Explorer. The market share of the Google product in October 2012 was 33.84%. According to data provided by LiveInternet, in September 2012 Chrome ranked first in Runet as well - its share was 22.2%.
“… Despite the significant development of the web, browsers as a platform are not evolving at the same rate. With Google Chrome, we're trying to keep browsers on par with the web. Thus, the network could move to the next stage of development. Browsers need to get better because they were designed at a time when web pages did very different things.
Today, what we use every day are no longer web pages, but applications. Visitors watch videos, download them, communicate with each other, play online games. All this, of course, did not exist at the time when the first browsers were created and the web was born.
Wouldn't it be great to start from scratch and create something with the needs of modern applications and webmasters in mind? .. "
History of the creation of the Google Chrome browser. Why is Google building a browser?
1. Background and history of creation
Development of the web browser began on July 25, 2008. On September 1, 2008, in the official Google blog, Sandar Pichai and Linus Upson announced the release of the Google Chrome browser. The next day, the first public beta of Google's browser was released, and most of the browser code was posted. The project was named Chromium.
Chromium is an open source web browser designed, according to Google, to provide users with fast, secure and reliable Internet access, as well as a convenient platform for developing and implementing web applications. On its basis, today not only the Google Chrome browser is being created, but also a number of other alternative web browsers.
There is often confusion between the Chromium and Google Chrome browsers. Despite the similarities, browsers have a number of significant differences. Chromium is a free and open source web browser, while Google Chrome is licensed and contains a number of non-free elements.
Browser speed
With the goal of developing a fast browser, the developers decided to use open source components. WebKit was chosen as the engine for displaying web pages - a free engine for displaying web pages, developed based on the code of the KHTML and KJS libraries used in the KDE graphical environment. It provided the required rendering speed, while having a number of other advantages.
Things were a little more complicated with the JavaScript engine. The engines available at that time did not provide the required performance or were distributed under closed licenses. So Google engineers wrote a fast, high-performance V8 engine from scratch, making Chromium one of the fastest JavaScript browsers when it launched its web browser.
V8 runs JavaScript in specific "contexts" that are essentially separate virtual machines. True, only one virtual machine can run in one process, despite the possibility of using multiple threads. In Chromium, this is bypassed by a multi-process architecture that also increases stability and security, thus implementing a sandbox mechanism.
To speed up access to pages in the browser, DNS pre-reading technology and page pre-rendering (pre-rendering) are used.
2. The emergence of Google Chrome
The first beta version of the browser was available in 43 languages. Initially, Chrome was released only for Microsoft Windows, later (December 9, 2009) there were dev and beta versions for Linux and Mac OS X operating systems.
Chrome quickly gained about 1% of the market. After an initial surge in users, the share fell to a low of 0.73% in October 2008. Then it began to grow again, until in December 2008 Chrome again crossed the threshold of 1%.
Google Chrome aims to improve security, speed, and stability. On June 9, 2009, the Google Chrome developers in their interview for the unofficial community of users outlined a strategy for the further development of their product, which is that the browser will have the highest possible speed and minimum allowable functionality, and all additional functions are planned to be implemented using extensions.
Stability and safety
In order to improve stability, a multi-process architecture was chosen. Chrome, as a rule, creates a separate process for each tab in order to prevent a situation in which the content of one tab has the ability to influence the content of another (also, if the process of processing the content of a tab freezes, it can be completed without the risk of losing data from other tabs ). Browser, rendering engine, extensions, plugins run in separate processes. Thus, in the event of a malfunction of, for example, an extension, the browser will continue to work as usual, prompting you to restart the extension.
Another plus is the ability to instantly free memory when one of the components is closed. In particular, when a tab is closed, the memory consumed by it will be freed immediately, in contrast to browsers using a single-process architecture, where clearing memory when closing a tab takes a little longer. But at the same time, such an architecture has a significant drawback - a larger overall memory consumption.
Chrome includes a task manager that allows you to see how sites and plugins are using the user's RAM, processor, and Internet channel, and also shutdown them if necessary.
In line with the stated aspirations to create the most secure browser, the developers are paying great attention to the introduction of new security features. To ensure security in Chromium, and therefore in Google Chrome, a sandbox model was chosen, which made it possible to limit the scope for an attack on a user's computer through the exploited vulnerability. Google researchers concluded that nearly 70% of threats "work" in a display engine that interacts with untrusted content. That is why the developers have transferred all the work of the engine to the "sandbox". The tab process is given the least privileges, the process can perform computations, but cannot read or write.
Typically, plugins (such as the popular Adobe Flash Player) are not part of the browser, use system libraries and therefore cannot be sandboxed. On March 30, 2010, Google announced that Adobe Flash would soon be built into the browser, eliminating the need to download and install it. Flash Player will also update automatically. Since version 5.0.375.86 Adobe Flash Player has been integrated into the browser.
To protect the user and information, Chrome periodically downloads updates from two blacklists (one for phishing sites and one for sites containing malware) and alerts the user when he tries to visit a malicious site. When downloading an executable file (for example, with the extension .EXE, .DLL or BAT), you must first confirm the download by clicking the "Save" button that appears on the download bar. This prevents malicious software from being automatically downloaded to your computer.
The browser also supports incognito mode. Pages that are viewed in a window in incognito mode will not appear in the browser history or search history, nor will they leave any other traces on the computer, such as cookies, they are automatically deleted when the user closes this window. However, any files that will be downloaded or bookmarks that will be created will remain intact.
Extensions and web apps for Google Chrome
Extensions are small programs that run in a browser and add additional functionality, integration with various web services, and a number of other features. Google Chrome extensions allow you to expand the capabilities and functions of your browser. A feature may be useful for some people, but not for everyone. Extensions allow you to add only the features you need to Google Chrome, avoiding the accumulation of features that are not used. Google has created a dedicated gallery of third-party extensions.
The extensions first appeared in the stable version of Chrome 4.0, and the gallery was officially launched on January 25, 2010. At the time of its opening, there were already 1,500 extensions in it.
Apps are interactive websites, much like extensions, but the fundamental difference is that apps can be sold. In this way, Google hopes to attract large players who want to benefit from their developments. On December 7, 2010, at the Chrome Event, the developers of the Chromium browser and Google Chrome announced the launch of the Chrome Web Store, where you can install web applications, extensions and themes. At the same time, for the convenience of using the browser on touch screens, a special application panel is being developed in the browser, adapted for finger control. Application development has approximately the same capabilities as extension development, but there are additional capabilities, such as launching installed applications outside the browser.
3. User interface and customization of Google Chrome
Interface
The tab bar is the main component of the interface and sits at the top of the window, not below the address bar. This change looks quite contrasty compared to many other browsers. The tab can be moved to a separate window by light dragging to an empty space (the reverse option is also possible). By default, the Google Chrome interface includes buttons: "Back", "Forward", "Refresh / stop loading", "Add current page to bookmarks". The home page button can be enabled. Each tab has its own set of elements in Google Chrome, including the Omnibox.
One of the hallmarks of Chrome is the quick access page, which can replace the home page and open when you create a new tab. The quick access page contains the 8 most visited websites (displayed as small snapshots of web pages), recently closed tabs, tips for using Chrome, and syncing bookmarks. If desired, the user can change the appearance of the page by adding or removing one of the options.
Chrome allows the user to create local shortcuts to applications (namely, their pages). When you launch such a shortcut, the page it leads to opens in Chrome, but without any interface elements (except for the window title).
When you download a file from a website, the Downloads bar appears at the bottom of the tab, showing the progress of the download. A list of all uploaded files can be found on the downloads page.
Starting in version 3.0, users can install themes that change the look of the browser. A gallery was created that included both themes from Google and themes from third parties.
By connecting via a google account, you can synchronize for browsers installed on different machines, web applications, autocomplete forms (except for credit card data), bookmarks, extensions, browser options and themes.
Customization
The Google Chrome Options window contains three tabs: Basic, Personal Content, and Advanced. The "General" tab contains settings: home page, search engines and default browser. The "Personal Materials" tab contains settings: synchronization of bookmarks, saving passwords, autocomplete forms, the ability to import work data from another browser and customize themes. The "Advanced" tab contains settings: privacy, network, translator, downloads and security.
Options in the Google Chrome browser
After clicking the "Options" item in the Google Chrome browser menu, we get to the settings window.
This window consists of three tabs: "Basic", "Personal Materials" and "Advanced".
- On the "Basic" tab, there are the following settings: 1) selection of browser behavior at startup (open the main page, restore the last pages, open the next pages - you can add which ones).
2) Setting up the main page. You can set the main page of quick access or specify any specific one.
3) Selecting the default search engine. In addition to Google, you can choose from several search options.
4) Ability to set Google Chrome as default browser.
- The "Personal Materials" tab contains the following settings:
1) Synchronization. Here you can activate synchronization between multiple computers. This function allows you to easily transfer data from one computer to another. Or restore them after rearranging the system. Read more in the article
2) Passwords. Here you can specify whether to save or not save the entered passwords, as well as go to the management of those already saved.
3) Autocomplete forms. You can write templates for a wide variety of text, so that later they can be easily inserted into text fields (for example, your postal address or payment card details for online purchases).
4) Data on work in the browser. At this point, you can import user data from other browsers.
5) Topics. In the Google Chrome browser, it is possible to change the visual design of the browser window. The management of themes and the search for new ones is just at this point.
- The "Advanced" tab contains privacy settings and network connection settings (proxy server).
Configuring privacy consists of the following points: 
There is also a button for configuring the parameters of the content of the web pages. It includes detailed configuration of what to do with java scripts, cookies, pictures, pop-up windows.
Logo
In 2011, a new flat logo was introduced in Google Chrome 11, replacing the previous three-dimensional one, bringing it closer to the new Chromium logo, but in a color version.
According to Google designer Steve Ruhr, “We've updated the Chrome logo to better reflect those feelings. The simple icon embodies the spirit of Chrome - making the web faster, easier and easier for everyone. ”
Bookmarks in the Google Chrome browser
In the Google Chrome browser, it is possible to save bookmarks to Internet pages. They are necessary for quick access to them in the future.
Ways to create bookmarks
- Chrome has pretty convenient ways to bookmark pages. The easiest one - on the page you want to bookmark, look at the right side of the address bar. There is an asterisk icon: 
If we click on it, the page will be added to bookmarks. In this case, we will be able to create a folder or place a bookmark in previously created folders. folders are necessary in order not to get confused in bookmarks, for them. If we click on it, the page will be added to the bookmarks. In this case, we will be able to create a folder or place a bookmark in previously created folders. Folders are necessary in order not to get confused in bookmarks, for their thematic distribution: 
- Press CTRL + D (Windows and Linux) and ⌘-D (Mac) on the keyboard.
- Drag the current page from the address bar to the bookmarks bar.
Bookmark manager
To manage bookmarks in the Google Chrome browser, there is a bookmark manager. To call it, go to the "Menu" and select the "Bookmark Manager" item. A page with our folders and bookmarks will open: 
Here you can move bookmarks, move and rename folders, search for bookmarks. Also in the item "Organize" you can import bookmarks from other browsers.
Omnibox
Omnibox - the address bar, which is located at the top of each tab and combines the address bar and the search bar. Omnibox redirects the request to the search engine if the address does not match the rules for writing the URL - for example, it does not contain dots, slashes, contains spaces at the beginning of the address, etc. When you enter a Google search query using the search function “I'm lucky ”, Suggests the first URL in the list. Also, the autocomplete list is formed by searching for bookmarks and the history of previously visited pages.
In the browser, it is possible to call various search engines directly from the address bar. To do this, you must enter an abbreviation for this search engine (for example, the letter "g" for google), then press the "Space" key and enter a search query. You can specify abbreviations for search engines yourself. When visiting sites, the browser automatically copies the search query string from there, and the next time you enter this site, it will automatically offer a search using its search engine.
Omnibox also allows you to search specific sites. In addition to the search query, you can enter the web address of the site you want in the address bar and press Enter to go to that site.
Hotkeys
You can use the following keyboard shortcuts to invoke Google Chrome functions.
You can use the following keyboard shortcuts to work with the current web page.
| Ctrl + P | Print the current page |
| Ctrl + S | Save the current page |
| F5 or Ctrl + R | Refresh the current page |
| Esc | Interrupt loading of the current page |
| Ctrl + F | Opening the search bar |
| Ctrl + G or F3 | Go to the next search result on the page |
| Ctrl + Shift + G, Shift + F3 or Shift + Enter | Go to the previous search result on the page. |
| Middle click (or scroll wheel) | Enables automatic scrolling. When you move the cursor, the page will automatically scroll to the appropriate side |
| Ctrl + F5 or Shift + F5 | Refresh the current page without considering cached content |
| Alt and clicking on a link | |
| Ctrl + U | View the source code of the current page |
| Drag link to bookmarks bar | Saving a link as a bookmark |
| Ctrl + D | Save the current web page as a bookmark |
| Ctrl + Shift + D | Save all open pages as bookmarks in a new folder |
| F11 | View the page in full screen mode. Press F11 again to return to normal page view |
| Ctrl and + or scroll up the mouse wheel while holding down the Ctrl key | Zoom in on the page |
| Ctrl and - or scroll down the mouse wheel while holding down the Ctrl key | Decrease page scale |
| Ctrl + 0 | Return to normal page size |
| Space bar | Scroll down a web page |
| Home | Return to top of page |
| End | Go to the end of the page |
| Scrolling the mouse wheel while holding down the Shift key | Scroll the page to the right or left |
